Developments in latest data for the BIS international banking statistics and global liquidity indicators.
About
The consolidated banking statistics (CBS) measure international banking activity from a nationality perspective, focusing on the country where the banking group's parent is headquartered.
While residence-based data such as the locational banking statistics indicate where positions are booked, they do not always identify where underlying decisions are made. This is because banking offices in one country may operate within a business model decided by the group's controlling parent, which may be headquartered in another country. The CBS capture the worldwide claims of banking groups based in reporting countries and exclude intragroup positions, similar to the consolidation approach followed by banking supervisors. The CBS provide several different measures of banking groups' country risk exposures, on either an immediate counterparty or a guarantor basis. The most appropriate exposure measure depends on the issue being analysed. The benchmark measure in the CBS is foreign claims, which capture credit to borrowers outside a banking group's home country.
Metadata
- Supervising committee
- Committee on the Global Financial System (CGFS)
- Seasonal adjustment
- Non seasonally adjusted
- Frequencies
- Quarterly
- Contact
- BIS statistics
- Units
- US dollar
- Next release date
- Last release date
Commentary
Methodology
IBS reporting countries
Bank for International Settlements
Countries reporting the international banking statistics with the first quarter when data are available
Estimated global coverage of the locational banking statistics
Bank for International Settlements
Cross-border claims of LBS-reporting banks' as a share of the estimated cross-border claims of all banks worldwide.
Convention for country groupings
Bank for International Settlements
The classification of countries into advanced economies (AEs) and emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs) in BIS statistics is based on the corresponding classification of the IMF's World Economic Outlook, extended to the broader set of countries covered in BIS statistics.
Reporting Practices
Bank for International Settlements
The horizon over which reporting practices converge with these guidelines depends on the circumstances in each reporting country. To help users understand the comparability of data across reporting countries, the BIS compiles information about the reporting practices in each reporting country on an annual basis, based on input from reporting authorities.
Reporting institutions
Bank for International Settlements
Summary statistics of the number of financial institutions that report the locational banking statistics (LBS) through the reporting authorities in their respective jurisdictions.
Breaks in Series
Breaks in series may arise from: changes in the population of reporting institutions, including the addition of new reporting countries; changes in reporting practices; or methodological improvements.
Latest revisions and breaks
- Countries with data carried forward from previous quarters
- Significant revisions and breaks of the consolidated banking statistics are explained.
IBS reporting guidelines 2019
Bank for International Settlements
The Guidelines for reporting the BIS international banking statistics provide definitions and requirements for reporting locational and consolidated banking statistics. The consistency of reporting practices with the Guidelines varies across reporting countries, and key discrepancies are highlighted in countries' summaries of their banks' reporting practices.
The July 2019 version of the Guidelines provides authorities in reporting countries with definitions and requirements for reporting the locational banking statistics and consolidated banking statistics to the BIS. They replace the March 2013 version of the reporting guidelines. Compared with the March 2013 version, the main changes in the July 2019 guidelines are as follows. They incorporate the recommendations of the 2017 study group established by the BIS, as well as the clarifications and revisions proposed by the BIS in 2014. In addition, the allocation of counterparty countries to regions was discontinued, and a few reporting requirements were simplified. Furthermore, some details from other documents, in particular the data structure definitions, were integrated into the guidelines; cross-references to other statistical and prudential standards were expanded; and the guidelines were reorganised to improve their readability.
Click here to view the Previous guidelines
Reporting authorities are encouraged to submit the consolidated banking statistics to the BIS using the SDMX standard. The technical guidelines below provide practical information on how to submit data to the BIS.
Codes for submitting the banking statistics are provided in the data structure definitions. In addition, Excel templates are available as a visual aid for data structure, and to assist reporting authorities who are unable to create SDMX files directly from their system in reporting data to the BIS. Summaries of checks - performed by the BIS to confirm the consistency of reported data - are also provided. Reporting authorities are encouraged to implement these checks in their own systems.
* Visualisation template only - not for reporting use. Authorities should contact the BIS to request a customised template for reporting.
Research and publications
International finance through the lens of BIS statistics: the international dimensions of credit
BIS statistics can shed light on various international dimensions of credit and their impact on financial stability in borrower economies.
International finance through the lens of BIS statistics: the geography of banks' operations
The BIS international banking statistics reveal banks' structure across home and host countries.
International finance through the lens of BIS statistics: bank exposures and country risk
BIS international banking statistics help understand banks' exposures to country risk events like sovereign defaults, crises, wars, sanctions and natural disasters.
International finance through the lens of BIS statistics: the global reach of currencies
The use of key currencies in international finance far outstrips the issuing jurisdictions' share in global economic activity. The US dollar dominates globally, while the euro, yen and pound sterling have a smaller international footprint.
International finance through the lens of BIS statistics: residence vs nationality
Most international statistics are compiled by residence. BIS statistics also group balance sheets by headquarter country, providing a nationality view.
Bank positions in FX swaps: insights from CLS
A combination of CLS data with BIS statistics shows banks' FX swaps positions alongside the currency mismatches on their balance sheets.
Dollar debt in FX swaps and forwards: huge, missing and growing
FX swaps, forwards and currency swaps create forward dollar payment obligations that do not appear on balance sheets and are missing in standard debt statistics.
Dollar funding of non-US banks through Covid-19
Non-US banks' on-balance sheet dollar liabilities rose in 2020 despite the decline in funding from US and offshore money market funds (MMFs).
Central bank swap lines and cross-border bank flows
and Goetz von Peter
This Bulletin traces the use of the swap lines and their impact on global banking positions. In doing so, it highlights the critical role that banks play in international payments, and capital flows more generally.
Global banks' dollar funding needs and central bank swap lines
During the Great Financial Crisis (GFC), the Federal Reserve set up swap lines with other central banks to defuse an acute US dollar shortage among global banks. With the spread of the Covid-19 pandemic and market dislocations in March 2020, dollar swap lines between the Federal Reserve and 14 central banks were reinstated, and were complemented by a dollar repo facility for other monetary authorities (the FIMA Repo Facility).
The geography of dollar funding of non-US banks
Where do non-US banks obtain the funding for the large amount of US dollars they lend? Traditionally, their branches and subsidiaries in the United States were a major source of dollar funding, but the role of these affiliates has declined.
FX swaps and forwards: missing global debt?
What would balance sheets look like if the borrowing through FX swaps and forwards were recorded on-balance sheet, as the functionally equivalent repo debt is? We combine various data sources to estimate the size, distribution and use of this "missing" debt and to begin to assess its implications for financial stability.
The shifting drivers of global liquidity
The post-crisis period has seen a considerable shift in the composition and drivers of international bank lending and international bond issuance, the two main components of global liquidity. The sensitivity of both types of flow to US monetary policy rose substantially in the immediate aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis, peaked around the time of the 2013 Fed "taper tantrum", and then partially reverted towards pre-crisis levels. Conversely, the responsiveness of international bank lending to global risk conditions declined considerably post-crisis and became similar to that of international ...
The dollar, bank leverage and the deviation from covered interest parity
We document the triangular relationship formed by the strength of the US dollar, cross-border bank lending in dollars and deviations from covered interest parity (CIP). A stronger dollar goes hand-in-hand with bigger deviations from CIP and contractions of cross-border bank lending in dollars. Differential sensitivity of CIP deviations to the strength of the dollar can explain ...
Global dollar credit: links to US monetary policy and leverage
Abstract of BIS Working Papers No 483
Banks and bond investors have extended $9 trillion of US dollar credit to non-bank borrowers outside the United States. This has relevance for the discussion of global liquidity and global monetary policy transmission. This paper contributes to this policy discussion by analysing the links between US monetary policy, including unconventional monetary policy, leverage and flows into bond funds, on the one hand, and dollar credit extended...
The US dollar shortage in global banking and the international policy response
Abstract of BIS Working Papers No 291
Chinese banks and their EMDE borrowers: have their relationships changed in times of geoeconomic fragmentation?
While Chinese banks stand out as the top cross-border lender to most emerging market and developing economies (EMDEs), their global expansion has recently slowed. The paper explores the role of bilateral economic ties, borrower risk variables and foreign policies in cross-border lending by Chinese banks.
Cross-border financial centres
Financial centres that cater predominantly to non-residents – which we refer to as cross-border financial centres (XFCs) –are important intermediaries of cross-border financial flows. For analysing capital flows and international interconnectedness, it can be useful to distinguish countries that are home to XFCs from other countries.
Bilateral International Investments: the Big Sur?
This paper presents novel stylized facts about the rise of the South in global finance using country-to-country data.
International banking amidst Covid-19: resilience and drivers
The claims of international banks held up well during the Covid-19 crisis, although economic output fell by even more than during the Great Financial Crisis (GFC). Both cross-border and local claims were resilient, in advanced and emerging market economies alike.
International dimensions of EME corporate debt
International credit can be fickle and subject to sudden stops during periods of global economic stress.
How does the interaction of macroprudential and monetary policies affect cross-border bank lending?
We combine a rarely accessed BIS database on bilateral cross-border lending flows with cross-country data on macroprudential regulations. We study the interaction between the monetary policy of major international currency issuers (USD, EUR and JPY) and macroprudential policies enacted in ...
Emerging markets' reliance on foreign bank credit
This article examines the importance of foreign banks in the provision of credit to emerging market borrowers.
Following the imprint of the ECB's asset purchase programme on global bond and deposit flows
We trace the imprint of the ECB's expanded asset purchase programme (APP) on international bond portfolios and euro-denominated deposits.
The growing footprint of EME banks in the international banking system
This special feature explores the role of banks from emerging market economies (EMEs) in global banking. Over the past decade, the cross-border activity of EME banks has been growing at a faster pace than that of banks from advanced economies.
Gross capital flows by banks, corporates and sovereigns
We construct a new data set of quarterly international capital flows by sector, with an emphasis on debt flows. Using our new data set, we establish four facts. First, the co-movement of capital inflows and outflows is driven by inflows and outflows vis-à-vis the domestic banking sector. Second, the procyclicality of capital inflows is driven by banks and corporates, whereas sovereigns' external liabilities move acyclically in advanced and countercyclically in emerging countries. Third,...
Transmission of monetary policy through global banks: whose policy matters?
This paper explores the basic question of whose monetary policy matters for banks' international lending. In the international context, monetary policies from several countries could come into play: the lender's, ...
Gauging procyclicality and financial vulnerability in Asia through the BIS banking and financial statistics
We look back at past episodes of financial stress in Asia with a forward-looking perspective. We put ourselves in the shoes of a contemporary observer with the data at hand and ask what evidence was available on the systematic build-up of vulnerabilities. We reconstruct a graphical narrative of banking and financial developments at the time. ...
US monetary policy and fluctuations of international bank lending
There is no consensus in the empirical literature on the direction in which U.S. monetary policy affects cross-border bank lending. We find robust evidence that the impact of the U.S. federal funds rate on cross-border ...
Common lenders in emerging Asia: their changing roles in three crises
The "common lender channel" is a mechanism that facilitates the spread of financial shocks around the globe. Creditor banks withdraw from previously unaffected countries when highly exposed to the epicentre of a crisis.
The dollar exchange rate as a global risk factor: evidence from investment
Exchange rate fluctuations influence economic activity not only via the standard trade channel, but also through a financial channel, which operates through the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on borrowers' balance sheets and lenders' risk-taking capacity. This paper explores the "triangular" relationship between (i) the strength of the US dollar, (ii) cross-border bank flows and ...
The Distance Effect in Banking and Trade
The empirical gravity literature finds geographical distance to be a large and growing obstacle to trade, contradicting the popular notion that globalization heralds "the end of geography". This distance puzzle disappears, however, when measuring the effect of cross-border distance relative to ...
Supply- and demand-side factors in global banking
What is the role for supply and demand forces in determining movements in international banking flows? Answering this question is crucial for understanding the international transmission of financial shocks and formulating policy. This paper addresses the question by using the method developed in Amiti and Weinstein (forthcoming) to exactly decompose the ...
External debt composition and domestic credit cycles
We assess the role of external debt in shaping the dynamics of domestic credit cycles. Using quarterly data for 40 countries between 1980 and 2015, we examine four dimensions of external debt composition: instrument, sector, currency and maturity. We show that the first two dimensions provide valuable information about ...
The currency dimension of the bank lending channel in international monetary transmission
We investigate how the use of a currency transmits monetary policy shocks in the global banking system. We use newly available unique data on the bilateral crossborder lending flows of 27 BIS-reporting lending banking systems to over 50 borrowing countries, broken down by currency denomination (USD, EUR and JPY). We have three main findings. First, ...
Rapid credit growth and international credit: challenges for Asia
Abstract of BIS Working Papers No 377
Geopolitics meets monetary policy: decoding their impact on cross-border bank lending
We use bilateral cross-border bank claims by nationality to assess the effects of geopolitics on cross-border bank flows. We show that a rise in geopolitical tensions between countries - disagreements in UN voting, broad sanctions, or sentiments captured by geopolitical risk indices - significantly dampens cross-border bank lending.
How does fiscal policy affect the transmission of monetary policy into cross-border bank lending? Cross-country evidence
We use a rarely accessed BIS database on bilateral cross-border bank claims by bank nationality to examine the interaction of monetary and fiscal policies. We find significant interactions: the transmission of the monetary policies of major currency issuers is significantly influenced by the fiscal stance of source (home) lending banking systems.
Determinants of currency choice in cross-border bank loans
This paper provides insights into the determinants of currency choice in cross-border bank lending, such as bilateral distance, financial and trade linkages to issuer countries of major currencies, and invoicing currency patterns.
Bank funding: evolution, stability and the role of foreign offices
The Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine have furthered a sustained retreat from global banking.
The outsize role of cross-border financial centres
Financial centres that cater predominantly to non-residents account for an outsize share of cross-border financial activity. These so-called cross-border financial centres are typically located in small economies, in contrast to global financial centres located in large economies.
Global banks' local presence: a new lens
In this feature, the authors examine a new dataset on global banks' foreign branches and subsidiaries. They find that branches, which facilitate especially international corporate banking, have grown relative to locally focused subsidiaries. Branches are riskier for host countries, and authorities, particularly in advanced economies, seem to have tightened control over them.
Seven decades of international banking
This Special Feature finds that regulatory arbitrage, financial liberalisation and financial innovation drove a multi-decade expansion of international banking, which peaked at over 60% of world GDP before the Great Financial Crisis.
Banking across borders: Are Chinese banks different?
We explore the global footprint of Chinese banks and compare it with that of other bank nationalities.
Cross-border links between banks and non-bank financial institutions
Cross-border links between banks and non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs) gained momentum in recent years.
Home sweet host: Prudential and monetary policy spillovers through global banks
This paper examines the effect that changes in home- and host-country prudential measures have on cross-border credit, and how these interact with monetary policy. We use a novel approach to decompose growth in cross-border bank lending into separate home, host and common components, and then match each with the home or host policies that affect this component.
Tracking the international footprints of global firms
As the global economy becomes more integrated, there is a growing tension between the nature of economic activity and the measurement system that attempts to keep up with it. Many policies are still determined by measuring economic activity at the national level.
Financial deglobalisation in banking?
This paper argues that the decline in cross-border banking since 2007 does not amount to a broad-based retreat in international lending ("financial deglobalisation"). We show that BIS international banking data organised by the nationality of ownership ("consolidated view") provide a clearer picture of international financial integration than the traditional balance-of-payments measure. On the consolidated view, what appears to be a ...
International prudential policy spillovers: a global perspective
We combine the BIS international banking statistics with the IBRN prudential instruments database in a global study analyzing the effect of prudential measures on international lending. Our bilateral setting, which features multiple home and destination countries, allows us to ...
International finance through the lens of BIS statistics: residence vs nationality
Most international statistics are compiled by residence. BIS statistics also group balance sheets by headquarter country, providing a nationality view.
Unpacking international banks' deposit funding
and Sonya Zhu
This feature examines international banks' deposit funding – traditional deposits, repos and interbank lending. We lay out a framework to interpret the observed evolution in the level and composition of this funding.
Seven decades of international banking
This Special Feature finds that regulatory arbitrage, financial liberalisation and financial innovation drove a multi-decade expansion of international banking, which peaked at over 60% of world GDP before the Great Financial Crisis.
Using mirror data to track international banking
Irving Fisher Committee Working Papers No 19, December 2019
Non-bank counterparties in international banking
The BIS has expanded the details that it publishes about banks' balance sheet linkages with nonbank counterparties.
Measuring contagion risk in international banking
We propose a distress measure for national banking systems that incorporates not only banks' CDS spreads, but also how they interact with the rest of the global financial system via multiple linkage types. ...
Concentration in cross-border banking
Cross-border bank credit is dominated by a small number of very sizeable links between banks in one country and borrowers in another. The largest-sized cross-border banking links are mainly between major advanced economies.
Risk transfers in international banking
Credit risk transfers shift a bank's country exposures from one counterparty country to another. Risk transfer patterns can shed light on how creditor banking systems assess and manage credit risks across counterparty countries. These patterns are closely linked to the business models and international footprint of global banks and corporates. Global banks have taken on more credit risks vis-à-vis some major emerging market economies - in particular in Asia. This points both to the enlarged international footprint of corporates and banks from these countries, and to the willingness of global banks to retain these country exposures on their balance sheets instead of seeking guarantees or hedging them.
Recent enhancements to the BIS statistics
The BIS regularly seeks to enhance its statistical offerings to support monetary and financial stability analysis, in close coordination with central banks and other national authorities and international organisations. The exposure of economies to foreign currency risk is one potential source of vulnerability that has received increased attention in recent years, and the relevant data gaps are being addressed in the second phase of the Data Gaps Initiative (DGI) endorsed by the G20 (BIS-FSB-IMF (2015), FSB-IMF (2017)).
Global monitoring with the BIS international banking statistics
Abstract of BIS Working Papers No 244 by Patrick McGuire and Nikola Tarashev
Glossary
Up to seven days.
All currencies excluding core (ie USD, EUR, JPY, CHF and GBP)
Value of an asset or liability at a point in time.
In the LBS and in the GLI, quarterly growth rates compounded over four quarters.
Central banks; currency boards or independent currency authorities that issue national currency that is fully backed by foreign exchange reserves; government-affiliated agencies that are separate institutional units and primarily perform central bank activities; and international organisations that undertake activities similar to those of central banks.
Entities that are part of the same banking group, ie that are within the perimeter of consolidation of the controlling parent institution. Includes the controlling parent institution, the head office of the bank (if different), and branches or subsidiaries that are part of the consolidated reporting entity.
Business between banks. In the LBS, "interbank" typically refers to business between banking offices and thus includes inter-office business.
Entities that stay outside a banking group (ie do not have the same consolidated reporting entity).
Changes in assets and liabilities between opening and closing balance sheets that are due neither to transactions between institutional units nor to changes in value. (MFSM, 193)
Includes common shares, preferred shares, retained earning
Promise by a creditor to lend up to a specified amount to a borrower on demand. In the CBS, credit commitments refer to commitments that are irrevocable unilaterally by the creditor, ie revocable only with the consent of the borrower.
Cross-border claims are positions on counterparties located outside the country where the entity that books the position is located.
Negotiable instrument serving as evidence of a debt. Debt securities include the following instruments: bills, bonds, notes, negotiable certificates of deposit, commercial paper, debentures, asset-backed securities, money market instruments and similar instruments normally traded in financial markets.
Instrument whose value depends on some underlying financial asset, commodity or predefined variable.
Change in amount outstanding between two points in time after the impact of methodological changes and exchange rate movements has been eliminated. The adjusted change approximates the flow between two points in time. In the LBS, the adjusted change is calculated by first converting US dollar-equivalent amounts outstanding into their original currency using end-of-period exchange rates, then calculating the difference in amounts outstanding in the original currency, and finally converting the difference into a US dollar-equivalent change using average period exchange rates.
Claim on residents of countries other than the country where the controlling parent is located, ie a claim of a domestic bank on non-residents of the reporting country. Foreign claims comprise local claims of the bank's offices abroad as well as crossborder claims of the bank's offices worldwide.
Contingent liabilities that arise from an irrevocable obligation to pay a third-party beneficiary when a client fails to perform certain contractual obligations. Guarantees extended include the notional value of credit protection sold.
Methodology whereby positions are allocated to a third party that has contracted to assume the debts or obligations of the primary party if that party fails to perform. In the CBS, claims on a guarantor basis are allocated to the country and sector of the entity that guarantees the claims (or, in the case of claims on branches, the country of the parent bank).
Group of persons who share the same living accommodation, who pool some or all of their income and wealth, and who consume certain types of goods and services collectively, mainly housing and food. In the LBS and CBS, the household sector refers collectively to households and non-profit institutions serving households.
Methodology whereby positions are allocated to the primary party to a contract. In the CBS, claims on an immediate counterparty basis are allocated to the country and sector of the entity to which the funds were lent.
Claim on a non-resident or denominated in a foreign currency. International claims comprise cross-border claims in any currency plus local claims of foreign affiliates denominated in non-local currencies.
Inward risk transfers reallocate claims into the country of the guarantor.
Non-negotiable debt instruments that are created when a creditor lends funds directly to a debtor. In the LBS, no distinction is made between loans and deposits; they are treated as economically equivalent. Loans and deposits include the cash leg of securities repurchase agreements, working capital and inter-office business.
Local claims are claims on counterparties located in the same country as the banking group’s entity that books the position.
Local liabilities are liabilities on counterparties located in the same country as the banking group’s entity that books the position.
Having a maturity greater than one year.
Merrill Lynch Multi Currency for ICS data loading
Claims minus liabilities
Inward minus outward risk transfers.
Financial institution, other than a bank, engaged primarily in the provision of financial services and activities auxiliary to financial intermediation, such as fund management. Non-bank financial corporations include the following entities: special purpose vehicles, hedge funds, securities brokers, money market funds, pension funds, insurance companies, financial leasing corporations, CCPs, unit trusts, other financial auxiliaries and other captive financial institutions. They also include any public financial institutions such as development banks and export credit agencies. See "Non-bank financial corporation"
Sectoral classification used in CBS that refers collectively to non-bank financial corporations, non-financial corporations and households, ie the non-bank sector excluding general government.
Entity that is not a bank. Sectoral classification that refers collectively to non-bank financial corporations and the non-financial sector.
Entity whose principal activity is the production of market goods or non-financial services. Non-financial corporations include the following entities: legally constituted corporations, branches of non-resident enterprises, quasi-corporations, notional resident units owning land, and resident non-profit institutions that are market producers of goods or non-financial services.
Sectoral classification that refers collectively to non-financial corporations and households, ie the non-financial sector excluding general government.
Sectoral classification that refers collectively to non-financial corporations, general government and households.
Sectoral classification used in the CBS that refers collectively to general government, central banks and international organisations.
One day. Market conventions: O/N (overnight), T/N (tomorrow next), S/N (spot next).
Sum of derivatives contracts, guarantees extended and credit commitments
Outward risk transfers reallocate claims out of the country of the immediate counterparty.
Over one day and up to seven days. Market conventions: S/W (spot week), 1W (one week).
Over one month and up to three months. Market conventions: 3M (three months).
Long-term.
Between one and five years.
Claims with a remaining maturity over one year and up to and including two years.
Claims with a remaining maturity over two years.
Over three months and up to six months. Market conventions: 6M (six months).
More than five years.
Over six months. Market conventions: 9M (nine months), 1Y (one year).
Over seven days and up to one month. Market conventions: 2W (two weeks), 1M (one month).
Between seven days and one year.
Having a maturity up to and including one year or on demand.
Sum of all maturities.
Sum of financial assets and non-financial assets.
A claim is a financial asset that has a counterpart liability. In the CBS, claims exclude financial derivatives. See also "Financial asset"
Claims for which the remaining maturity is unknown, or claims that cannot be classified by maturity (eg equities and participations).
Up to seven days.
Short-term.
FAQs
Data are released every quarter. You can find the target publication dates and the latest data reference period in the Statistics release calendar.
The consolidated banking statistics are collected under the auspices of the Committee on the Global Financial System and in cooperation with the central banks and other national authorities worldwide. The data are reported to the BIS at a country- rather than individual bank- level. Reporting banks submit data to an official authority in their country, usually the central bank, which then aggregates the data and submits country-level aggregates to the BIS for global aggregations, analysis and publication.
BIS statistics are subject to the terms for permitted use described at https://data.bis.org/help/legal.
Participating jurisdictions are listed in the following link: Reporting countries.
The CBS comprise two data sets, which use different criteria to identify the obligor. The CBS on an immediate counterparty basis (CBS/I) identify the obligor as the direct party to a contract. The CBS on a guarantor basis (CBS/G) identify the obligor as the ultimate party to a contract, ie the obligor that is contractually bound to the contract after taking into account risk transfers such as parent or third-party guarantees, collateral and other risk mitigants.
For example, suppose that a German bank extends a loan to the Mexican subsidiary of a US corporate and that the loan is guaranteed by the US corporate parent. The loan would be reported as a claim of German banks on Mexico on an immediate counterparty basis and as a claim of German banks on the United States on a guarantor basis.
You can view Table B4 (consolidated banking statistics) and select a counterparty country (borrower country), for example the United States. The left-hand column of B4 shows a list of banking systems that lend to this country.
In our example, the first column (“Total”) in the section “Claims on an immediate counterparty basis” captures lending to a borrower that resides in the United States. The first column (“Total”) in the section “Claims on a guarantor basis” captures lending to a borrower in any country that is guaranteed by an entity that resides in the United States.
The most important difference between the LBS and the CBS is the level of consolidation by reporting banks. The LBS are compiled on an unconsolidated basis, whereby the positions (including intragroup positions) of all banks located in a particular reporting country are aggregated following balance of payments principles. By contrast, the CBS are compiled on a consolidated group basis, and thus track the worldwide consolidated positions (excluding intragroup positions) of banks with a controlling parent in a particular reporting country.
Reporting authorities may submit revised data, including revised confidentiality codes, at any time during a quarter. Revisions will be incorporated in the next scheduled publication as listed in the Statistics release calendar.
